Psoroptosis of sheep and wild goats: clinical manifestation and treatment under anthropobiocenosis
Abstract
Among the ectoparasitoses of small ruminants, psoroptosis has an important place - a common acarosis disease caused by a permanent ectoparasite of the genus Psoroptes (Psoroptidae: Acariformes). This highly contagious invasion causes huge economic losses in many countries with developed sheep breeding.
The aim of the work is to study the distribution and analyze the clinical signs in psoroptosis in sheep and wild goats.
Research objectives: to determine the effectiveness of drugs in psoroptosis of sheep and wild goats in conditions of anthropobiocenoses.
The material was skin scrapings from 63 sheep (Ovis aries) of fine-fleece breeds: Prekos and Romanovskaya, which belonged to the Scientific and Production Center of Kharkiv State Zooveterinary Academy (SPC KhSZVA) and from 17 wild goats: 14 Siberian mountain goats (Capra siberica) and 3 Marhura (Capra falconeri), which belonged to Government Organization (GO) «Feldman Eco-Park». The acarological study has carried out by the compressor method using a 50 % aqueous solution of glycerin and a 10 % alkali solution (KOH). For the treatment of sheep and wild goats, macrolides «Iveron-10», «Dectomax» were used at a dose of 0.2 ml per 10 kg of animal body weight, twice at 30 and 14 day intervals, respectively. In addition, a synthetic pyrethroid «Butox-50» by the bathing method in water emulsion (twice at 10 day intervals) after shearing sheep, in diluted 1 ml per 1 liter of water ex tempore.
The infestation of sheep and wild goats by Psoroptes ovis mites (Hering, 1838) in 2017–2019 was 100 % with varying degrees of body surface damage. In 65.1 % of sheep of the SPC KhSZVA, hair loss was observed on 80–100 % of the body surface, in 28.6 % of animals – 50–79 % of the surface, 6.3 % – less than 50 % of the body surface. In 94.1 % of wild goats of the GO «Feldman Eco-Park», lesions were recorded up to 50 % of the body surface, and in 5.9 % – total lesion.
Total lesion in wild goats was characterized by lesions of the surface of the head, ears and neck with significant keratinization of the skin to the inner layers with deep cracks and bleeding, and in sheep, by lesions of the entire surface of the body. Mortality in sheep was 3.2 %, and in wild goats - 5.9 % with generalized form.
The applied treatment regimens of sheep and wild goats for psoroptosis with injectable preparations «Iveron-10» and «Dectomax», respectively, at a dose of 0.2 ml per 10 kg of animal body weight, twice at 30 and 14 day intervals with additional bathing of sheep in water emulsion of «Butox-50» (twice at 10 day intervals) showed 100 % efficiency.
Downloads
References
Amer, S., Wahab, T.Abd El, Metwaly, Abd El N., Feng, Y., & Xiao, L. (2015). Morphologic and Genotypic Characterization of Psoroptes Mites from Water Buffaloes in Egypt. PLoS One, 10(10). https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0141554
Bates, P. G. (1996). Epidemiology of subclinical ovine psoroptic otoacariasis in Great Britain. Vet Rec., 138(16), 388–393. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.138.16.388
Bisdorff, B., Wall, R., & Milnes, A. (2006). Prevalence and regional distribution of scab, lice and blowfly strike in Great Britain. Vet Rec., 158(22), 749–752. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.158.22.749
Bochkov, F. V. (2010). A review of mammal-associated Psoroptida (Acariformes:Astigmata). Acarina, 18(2), 99–260. Retrieved from: https://acarina.utmn.ru/upload/iblock/373/Bochkov2010.pdf.
Busin, V., Burgess, S., & Sargison, N. (2015). Sheep scab, future perspective for disease diagnosis and control. Livestock, 20(3), 156–159. https://doi.org/10.12968/live.2015.20.3.156
Corke, M. J., & Broom, D. M. (1999). The behaviour of sheep with sheep scab, Psoroptes ovis infestation. Veterinary Parasitology, 83(3-4), 291–300. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-4017(99)00065-5
Crilly, J. P., Nunn, F., Busin, V., Marr, E. J., Jennings, A. E., Burgess, S. T., & Sargison, N. D. (2016). Investigation and treatment of ovine psoroptic otoacariasis. Veterinary Dermatology, 27(3), 206-e52. https://doi.org/10.1111/vde.12314
De Amorim, M.G.R., Azevedo, S. S., & Riet-Correa, F. (2015). Seasonal prevalence and mean intensity of Psoroptes ovis infestation in goats in the Brazilian semiarid region. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Parasitology, 24(1), 59–65. https://doi.org/10.1590/S1984-29612014094
Doherty, E., Burgess, S., Mitchell, S., & Wall, R. (2018). First evidence of resistance to macrocyclic lactones in Psoroptes ovis sheep scab mites in the UK. Vet Rec., 182(4), 106. https://doi.org/10.1136/vr.104657
Dovgyi, Yu.Yu., & Prus, P. M. (2020). Clinical effectiveness of Ectosan application at sheep scab. Bulletin of Poltava State Agrarian Academy, 2, 210–215.https://doi.org/10.31210/visnyk2020.02.26. [In Ukrainian]
Faccini, J. L. H., & Costa, A. L. (1992). Subclinical psoroptic otocariasis in Brazilian sheep with comments on a technique for mite collection. Exp Appl Acarol, 13(3), 227–229. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01194938
Filho, J.O.J., de Almeida, G.L., Piazer, J.V.M., Rodegheri, L.J., Ruivo, N.B., Pires, B.S., & Leal, M.L.R. (2020). Psoroptes ovis infestation of sheep in São Vicente do Sul, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Cienc. Rural, 50(10). https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20191026
Gazimagomedov, M. G., Kabardiev, S. S., Bittirov, A. M., Ustarov, R. D., Chillaev, A. S., Bittirova, A. A., & Dikaev, S. E. (2017). Complex treatment and prophylactic of psoroptosis in sheep. Russian Journal of Parasitology, 41(3), 260–262. Retrieved from: https://vniigis.elpub.ru/jour/article/view/419?locale=en_US. [In Russian]
Larroza, M., Soler, P., Roblesa, C., Cabrera, R., Ballent, M., Lanusse, C., & Lifschitzb, A. (2020). Doramectin efficacy against Psoroptes ovis in sheep: Evaluation of pharmacological strategies. Experimental Parasitology. 218. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.exppara.2020.107998
Losson, B. (2012). Sheep psoroptic mange: An update. Veterinary parasitology, 189, 39–43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.03.030
Magomedshapiev, G. M. (2020). Distribution and economic damage from psoroptosis of sheep in the republic of Dagestan. Veterinaria i kormlenie, 4, 35–37.
Meintjes, T., Fourie, L. J., & Horak, I. G. (2002). Host preference of the sheep scab mite, Psoroptes ovis. J S Afr Vet Assoc, 73(3), 135–136. https://doi.org/10.4102/jsava.v73i3.577
OConnor, B. M., & Klimov, P. B. (2015). Review and resolution of some nomenclatural issues regarding the genus Psoroptes (Acari: Psoroptidae), scab-mites of domestic and wild mammals. Exp Appl Acarol, 66(3), 337–345. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10493-015-9916-1
Sarre, C., De Bleecker, K., Deprez, P., Levecke, B., Charlier, J., Vercruysse, J., & Claerebout, E. (2012). Risk factors for Psoroptes ovis mange on Belgian Blue farms in Northern Belgium. Vet Parasitol. 190(1-2), 216–221. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2012.05.026
Sarre, C., González-Hernández, A., Van Coppernolle, S., Grit, R., Grauwet, K., Van Meulder, F. … Claerebout, E. (2015). Comparative immune responses against Psoroptes ovis in two cattle breeds with different susceptibility to mange. Veterinary research, 46, 131. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13567-015-0277-x
Stoeckli, M.R., McNeilly, T.N., Frew, D., Marr, E.J., Nisbet, A.J., van den Broek, A.H., & Burgess, S.T. (2013). The effect of Psoroptes ovis infestation on ovine epidermal barrier function. Veterinary research, 44(1), 11. https://doi.org/10.1186/1297-9716-44-11
Sturgess-Osborne, C., Burgess, S., Mitchell, S., & Wall, R. (2019). Multiple resistance to macrocyclic lactones in the sheep scab mite Psoroptes ovis. Veterinary Parasitology, 272, 79–82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vetpar.2019.07.007
Taylor, M.A., Coop, R.L., & Wall, R. L. (2007). Veterinary parasitology. – 3rd ed. Blackwell Publishing Ltd, 596–603. Retrieved from: https://www.academia.edu/11434537/veterinary_parasitology_by_M_A_Taylor_R_L_Coop_R_L_Wall.
van Mol, W., De Wilde, N., Casaert, S., Chen, Zh., Vanhecke, M., Duchateau, L., & Claerebout, E. (2020). Resistance against macrocyclic lactones in Psoroptes ovis in cattle. Parasit Vectors, 13(1), 127. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13071-020-04008-2
Zahler, M., Hendrikx, W. M., Essig, A., Rinder, H., & Gothe, R. (2000). Species of the genus Psoroptes (Acari: Psoroptidae): a taxonomic consideration. Exp Appl Acarol, 24(3), 213–225. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1006443722815
Abstract views: 1127 PDF Downloads: 959
