Genealogical analysis of the Mirgorod pig breed before and after outbreak of African swine fever
Abstract
The problem of conservation of animal biodiversity is becoming more and more urgent every year. The number of local breeds animal is constantly decreasing, despite the fact that their representatives are carriers of valuable unique genes that can be useful when changing socio-economic or paratypical conditions. Mirgorod pig breed is one of the breeds, where the number of animals has undergone a significant reduction in recent years.
The aim of the article is the study of the dynamics of the genealogical structure of the Mirgorod pig breed, from 2010 to 2019. The analysis of the ratio of the boars and sows breeding lines was conducted. It was established that before African swine fever epidemic, all sows line in the breed, with rare exceptions, were uniformly represented; it positively distinguishes this one from the other breeds of Ukraine and indicates a high level of selection work with this breed. For example, the fraction of sows of the most numerous sows line of the Mirgorod breed (Soroka) for 2010-2018 years ranged from 0.135 to 0.193; whereas the share of the largest sows line (Volshebnitsa) of Large White breed for the same period was in the range 0.583-0.648. After the African swine fever epidemic, the stock of Mirgorod breed decreased by 10.5 times, the number of genealogical lines in the breed was critically reduced, all the boars that remained after the ASF belong to the Komysh breeding line. In January 2019 the vast majority of sows belonged to the Smorodina sows breeding line (61.9%), to the Laskawa line (14.3%) and one representative of the Dibrova, Rusalka, Soroka, Citrina and Mevi lines were also preserved. In total, there are representatives of seven sows breeding lines.
It was established the impossibility of recovery of Mirgorod breed genealogical structure in the form that was before the outbreak of African swine fever. The opportunity for restoration is preserved for the boars lines of Kamysh, Lovchik and Dnipro, the remaining lines are lost forever. Therefore, to bring the genealogical structure of the renewable breed to accordance with the requirements of regulatory acts, it will be necessary to create 3 new breeding lines of boars.
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