Modern aspects of equine rhinopneumonitis (literature review)
Abstract
Rhinopneumonitis is one of the most dangerous viral diseases of horses. It is spread across all continents of the globe and causes significant economic losses in the equine industry as a result of the reduced performance qualities of animals, abortions, and the birth of non-viable young animals (Oladunni, Horohov, & Chambers, 2019; Ataseven, Dağalp, Güzel, Başaran, Tan, & Geraghty, 2009; Bell et al., 2006; Castro, & Arbiza, 2017; Dunowska 2014; Dunowska et al., 2015; Sloet van Oldruitenborgh-Oosterbaan, Schipper, Goehring, & Gremmels, 1999; Diallo et al., 2008; Barbić et al., 2012; Schulman, Becker, van der Merwe, Guthrie, & Stout, 2015). Horse disease with rhinopneumonitis has recently become widespread in some regions of Ukraine (Halatiuk, Behas, Kanovskyi, Radzixovs`kij, & Ribachuk, 2008; Halatiuk, Kalnaus, Rublenko, & Yeroshenko, 2017). The work aimed to analyze professional literature sources, including electronic resources, regarding the contemporary aspects of the etiology, distribution, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, and prevention of equine rhinopneumonitis in different countries of the world. An analysis of professional literary sources published during 1991-2020 showed that the spread of rhinopneumonitis in most countries, including Ukraine is a significant threat to the equine industry (Ma, Azab, & Osterrieder, 2013; Taouji et al., 2002; Yildirim, Yilmaz, & Kirmizigul, 2015; Stasiak, Dunowska, Hills, & Rola, 2017; Oladunni, Horohov, & Chambers, 2019; Halatiuk, Behas, Kanovskyi, Radzixovs`kij, & Ribachuk, 2008). It is necessary to monitor the spread of the disease, especially during the latent course of the disease in the territory of our country taking into account the presence of different climatic zones and technological features of keeping and operating horses. Questions remain relevant concerning the development of effective means of immunoprophylaxis and treatment of horses with rhinopneumonitis (Schnabel et al., 2018; Oladunni, Horohov, & Chambers, 2019; Van der Meulen, Favoreel, Pensaert, & Nauwynck, 2006; Halatiuk, Behas, Kanovskyi, Radzixovs`kij, & Ribachuk, 2008).
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