Veterinary Science, Technologies of Animal Husbandry and Nature Management

Genotypical and paratypical determinants of vitality and productivity of pigs

2025-03-03T18:22:10+00:00

У роботі наведені результати схрещування свиноматок великої білої породи з місцевими кнурами-плідниками, які були створені шляхом поєднання великої білої, ландрас та дюрок. Досліджено вплив гетерозису на відтворювальні властивості свиноматок в умовах схрещування, а також показники росту, розвитку та відгодівлі поросят-поросят різного поєднання. Експериментально підтверджено ефективність промислового схрещування свиноматок великої білої породи з кнурами різних поєднань. Найбільший ефект гетерозису проявляється за ознаками великої плодючості, показниками абсолютного приросту поросят. Найкращою комбінацією виявилися генотипи свиней ♀ BW × ♂ (BW × D), ♀ BW × ♂ (½ BW + ½ D × L). Відзначено, що порода свиней Дюрок є найбільш ефективною для прояву сили гетерозису при створенні кнурів-помісей. Одночасно досліджено доцільність та ефективність використання біологічно активної речовини бетаїну в годівлі свиней. Встановлено позитивний вплив бетаїну на показники росту і розвитку. Поросята краще розвивалися, мали вищі абсолютні прирости, поліпшувалась їхня збереженість на вирощуванні та відгодівлі.

Варто зазначити, що ефективність свинарства залежить як від племінного процесу, так і від умов і якості годівлі свиней. Отримані результати дають підстави відзначити:

створення та використання в промислових системах схрещування кнурів-плідників на основі великої білої, ландрас та дюрок є ефективним, біологічно та економічно виправданим методом розведення;
найбільший ефект гетерозису виявлявся за ознаками високої плодючості та показниками абсолютного приросту на вирощуванні та відгодівлі.

Продовжуються експериментальні дослідження з вивчення показників якості забійної та м'ясо-сальної продукції.

Automated quantification of Daphnia sp. population in water reservoirs using digital image processing

2025-03-03T18:22:11+00:00

We propose a scientific and technical methodology for creating a preliminary procedure to remotely detect the presence of a substantial population of zooplankton filter feeders within a specific region of a reservoir. This detection is achieved through computer processing of digital photographs taken in that area. It is about a method involving the phototactic attraction of zooplankton using white light. The proposed approach entails computing correlations between the RGB model components of digital photographs taken in a phytobenthos area before and after zooplankton attraction using light. Subsequently, the systemic colorimetric parameters can be employed in the procedure for remotely detecting a substantial population of zooplankton filter feeders within a specific reservoir section. Specifically, we seek colorimetric parameters that mirror the developmental patterns outlined by Margalef’s model of succession. This investigation involves comparative analysis of correlation tables for RGB model components in digital photos taken before and after zooplankton attraction using white light. Our study focuses on Daphnia pulex. The study utilized digital photos obtained from aquarium experiments conducted under conditions simulating drone-based photography at a height of 1-2 meters above the water’s surface.

The results are novel from the perspective of aquatic ecosystem ecology, as they provide a formalized description of changes in the systemic colorimetric parameters of Margalef’s model of succession. These changes are attributed to the influence of coloration on these systemic parameters within this specific waterplane ecosystem of zooplankton filter feeders. The applied significance of these results lies in identifying systemic colorimetric parameters that can be utilized in remote registration procedures to detect the environmental and biological presence of zooplankton filter feeders in specific areas of a reservoir. This is significant for water purification from bacterial suspensions and for establishing a natural food source for juvenile fish.

Veterinary transfusiology in the historical context

2025-03-03T18:22:11+00:00

Modern veterinary transfusiology is a critically important field that significantly influences the quality of medical care available for animals. This is especially relevant for service animals that work in conflict zones or emergency situations, where the need for immediate blood transfusion may be life-saving. Research into the development of this field shows how advances in scientific knowledge and technology have substantially improved blood transfusion practices in veterinary medicine, enhancing survival rates for patients. The objective of this work is to trace the evolution of blood transfusion methods from early experiments in the 17th century to modern techniques, to reveal the significance of blood grouping in reducing incompatibility risks, and to assess the role of component therapy and cryopreservation in preserving donor blood. The study demonstrated that the historical development of transfusion practices in veterinary medicine has laid the foundation for creating modern methods that greatly improve treatment effectiveness and animal safety. The introduction of blood group identification and component therapy has reduced incompatibility risks, achieved through accumulated scientific knowledge and numerous experiments. Cryopreservation of donor blood has been a particularly important step, enabling the creation of reserves for emergency assistance, which is essential in veterinary practice. Thanks to this, veterinary medicine today can effectively use donor blood components, provide more reliable and faster help in cases of blood loss and other critical conditions. The historical overview of the development of veterinary transfusion underlines the importance of further research in this field. This is necessary to improve blood preservation methods, reduce infection risks, and ensure the availability of donor blood in emergency cases. The obtained results make a valuable contribution to developing high standards of safety and effectiveness in animal treatment.

Use of hydrocolloid dressing in the treatment of wounds in areas with skin deficiency

2025-03-03T18:22:11+00:00

The study of healing and treatment of various wounds, of different types and origins in a large number of animals, especially those that do not heal for a long time, requires constant attention from veterinary specialists. In our case, the complexity of wound treatment was associated with a shortage of tissues, which were not enough to close the wound. The presence of knowledge about the course of the process, taking into account the characteristics of each patient, helps to create a correct treatment algorithm aimed at restoring tissues and homeostasis.

Wound treatment depends on many factors such as the type of wound, size, duration of wound development, the general condition of the animal, environmental conditions, the presence and nature of the complex of therapeutic agents used. The spectrum of therapeutic and preventive measures and medications is quite wide.

A husky male dog, three years old, weighing 27 kg, was kept in the private sector in a yard in the city of Dergachi, the animal was fed: beef offal and wheat, rice and oat porridge in equal proportions. The dog had a wound on the left pelvic limb in its distal part, which did not heal for a long time. According to the owner, the wound arose as a result of prolonged lying down after suffering babesiosis. At the initial appointment: the wound was deep, tendons and bones of the phalanges of the fingers were visible in the depth, granulations were practically absent, the edges of the wound were even, there was no bleeding, the dog did not lean on the limb at all

This dressing was applied as follows: the rough cover around the wound was carefully removed using scissors and a razor, then the wound was surgically treated with hydrogen peroxide, followed by drying the wound surface and the skin around the wound with napkins. After drying the skin, a hydrocolloid dressing was glued to the wound with its preliminary modeling, trimming and cutting out the remnants of the dressing so that it, as required, fit more tightly to the contours of the wound so that it extended beyond the wound by at least 1 cm along the perimeter. An adhesive plaster was used for additional fixation. The bandage was changed after five days, a total of five dressings were applied during the treatment.

Effect of calcium propionate on structural indicators of lymphatic nodes of rats receiving a high-fat diet

2025-03-03T18:22:12+00:00

Calcium propionate is an organic compound that is an approved food additive for use in the food industry as a preservative to extend the shelf life of food. It is also used as an additive in dry pet food to help prevent spoilage and the growth of mold. As a dietary supplement, calcium propionate significantly reduces cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, vascular dysfunction and hypertension. It increases resting energy expenditure by promoting lipid oxidation and plays an important role in reducing eating behavior, lowering total blood cholesterol and reducing intestinal absorption. The experiment was designed to study the effect of calcium propionate at different concentrations, administered to the high-fat diet of experimental animals, on the changes in the absolute weight and the quantitative and qualitative parameters of the tissue components of the somatic and visceral lymph nodes. Four groups of outbred adult male rats were formed for the study. During the 20-day experimental period, animals in the control group consumed a high-fat diet only, while those in the experimental groups received varying amounts of calcium propionate in supplementation: 1–0,5 %, 2–1,0 %, 3–2,0 %. The stromal and parenchymal tissue components of the popliteal and circumflex lymph nodes were quantified and characterized. Morphological studies confirm the efficacy of calcium propionate in correcting a high-fat diet. In the lymph nodes of laboratory rats fed a high-fat diet, thickening of the capsule and trabeculae, an increase in the amount of adipose tissue, thickening and deformation of the walls of blood vessels and their excessive blood filling, degradation and partial destruction of deep cortex units, and dilation of the medullary sinuses were observed. This increased the volume of the medulla, which was more pronounced in the visceral lymph nodes. When the diet supplemented with 2.0% calcium propionate was consumed, the absolute weight of the lymph nodes in the test animals was the highest, especially the paracolic lymph node. There was an increase in the amount of parenchyma in the lymph nodes and a decrease in the amount of stroma. The relationship between structural and functional zones of the parenchyma changed, as evidenced by a decrease in the volume of the internodular cortex and an increase in the number of deep cortex units. There were also alterations in histological structure: thinning of capsule and trabeculae, reduction in adipose tissue volume, blood vessels became moderately blood-filled, the arterial wall was not thickened, narrowing of the medullary sinuses, and proliferation of deep cortex units.

Morphological characteristics of the proventriculus of the budgerigar (Melopsittacus undulatus)

2025-03-03T18:22:12+00:00

The stomach diseases of the parrots, which are one of the most famous companion birds, are frequently encountered, however, information regarding the features of its microscopic structure is insufficient and sometimes contradictory. At the same time, understanding its morpho-functional features is a necessary condition for developing their feeding rations, as well as methods of prevention and treatment of diseases of the digestive system. We determined the peculiarities of the microscopic structure, as well as the age parameters of the morphometric indicators of the proventriculus of budgerigars (Melopsittacus undulatus) of 9 age groups: 1-, 3-, 7-, 14-, 21-days-old, 1-, 2-, and 6 -month-old and 1-year-old. Histological preparations were made from a cross-section of the middle part of the organ, which were stained with hematoxylin and eosin, and according to Mallory as well. The antrum wall of the proventriculus consisted of four membranes: mucous, submucosal, muscular and serous. The superficial glands were found in the composition of the mucous membrane, which were villi-finger-shaped protrusions of the lamina propria, covered with a single-layer prismatic epithelium. Deep glands were located in the submucosal base, which were represented by tightly packed lobes in the shape of a wide cone, consisting of tubular secretory sections that converged radially to the central excretory duct. This opened at the apex of the papillae. We did not establish the muscularis mucosa of the mucous membrane. The muscular sheath consisted of two layers formed by non-striated muscle tissue – an inner wide circular layer and an outer narrow longitudinal layer, between which myenteric nerve nodes were found. Most of the morphometric indicators of the microstructures of the budgerigar's stomach: the thickness of the mucous membrane, the height, and width of the lobules, the width of their tubes, and the height of their epithelium increased from 1-day-old mainly to 1-month-old, and then were smaller. At the same time, the number of lobules of deep glands on stomach cross-sections did not change with age. In contrast, muscle thickness increased from 1-day-old to 1-year-old. An intense increase in the indicators of the superficial and deep glands of the glandular part of the stomach indicates its high functional activity precisely during the active growth and development of budgerigars.

Pathology anatomical changes in the mute swan (Cygnus olor) in the fatal combination of gout and Erysipelotrix rhusopathiae infection

2025-03-03T18:22:12+00:00

The article presents data from a postmortem examination and a study of the mechanism of death of a mute swan that died from a combination of gout and Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae infection. The swan was bred and raised in captivity; compound feed for domestic poultry and periodically – minced meat was used in the ration of this bird. The swan died as a result of critical hypothermia associated with a meteorological drop in temperature and high humidity. A month and a half before death, the swan showed signs of hypodynamia, general weakness, poor appetite, and hypothermia. Gout in the swan was diagnosed postmortem. During the autopsy, extensive crystalline chalk-like deposits (urates) were found, in particular, with localization on visceral serous membranes and organ capsules. The most intense urate deposits were localized on the air sacs, liver capsule and pericardium. Pathologies important for the mechanism of swan death were diagnosed in the myocardium (signs of brown atrophy), on the heart valves (urate deposits in the form of massive vegetations classified as crystalline valvulitis) and in the extravalvular areas of the endocardium (sclerotic changes). Massive thrombi were found in the right ventricle of the swan's heart. In the main blood vessels and their visceral branches, total dilatational changes, in particular, caused by cold, are classified. Signs of venous stasis, hemorrhage, capsule ruptures with subcapsular hematomas were found in the liver. Signs of cyanosis, general cachexia, dehydration were observed in the swan. According to the severity of the lesions and their importance in the mechanism of death of the swan, cardiovascular pathology dominated. In the genesis of gout in the dead swan, dietary factors (protein-rich feed), hypodynamia and dehydration played a key role. Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae was found based on the results of genetic and molecular research of swan liver and spleen samples.

Epizootological monitoring for intestinal nematodoses of horses of the equestrian and sports complex of SBTU

2025-03-03T18:22:13+00:00

Quarterly antiparasitic treatments in horse breeding are an integral part of measures to preserve the health of ungulates. The pharmaceutical market has a sufficient number of drugs of a wide spectrum with anthelmintic effect, but rotation should be observed when using them. Increasing the intervals between deworming leads to contamination of the environment with invasive elements of helminths, and as a result - a sharp increase in the rate of infestation among horses. Stress factors and frequent movement of animals, including transportation to safe regions during martial law, influence the spread of helminthiasis among horses.

Purpose of the work is to determine the importance of monitoring the epizootological situation regarding the spread of intestinal nematodes among horses in the prevention of helminthoses. Research on the horses of the Equestrian Sports Complex of the State Biotechnological University (Kharkiv Region) was carried out annually during the spring clinical examination from 2021 to 2024 (in 2022, the horses were evacuated). During the monitoring period, 117 samples of feces from horses were taken. Special studies were conducted using the standardized flotation method to determine the intensity and extensity of invasions.

During 2022–2024 in the numerical composition of horses’ changes were taking place. In 2021, strongylidoses of the gastrointestinal tract were detected in 11 horses based on the results of the May coproscopic examination (n=32). Most of the infected animals were found among those who did not reach the age of 10-year-old (50%), among animals aged 11-20-year-old – only 10%, and among horses over 21-year-old of age, EI was 37.5%. In October 2021 (unscheduled examination), were found strongylidoses of the gastrointestinal tract in 13 horses (out of 32) (EI=40.6%). The largest number of infested animals was again found among those under 10-year-old (57.1%), among animals 11–20-year-old, 10% were found to be infested, and among horses over 21-year-old, EI increased to 50%. According to the results of the May coproscopic examination of horses (n=25) in 2023, strongylidoses of the gastrointestinal tract were detected only in 6 horses (EI=24.0%). Most infected animals were found among those under 10-year-old of age (38.5%), no infected animals were found among animals 11–20-year-old and among horses over 21-year-old EI decreased to 33.3%. Mixed parascarosis et strongylidosis invasion was diagnosed in 2-year-old foal. In April 2024 strongylidoses of the gastrointestinal tract by coproscopic examination were detected in 6 horses out of 28 (EI=21.4%). The most infected animals were found among those under 10-year-old (37.3%). 21.4% of infested animals were found among 11–20-year-old animals and no nematode eggs were found in the feces of horses older than 21-year-old. For Strongylidoses of the gastrointestinal tract were equally common sick both females and males: in females the infestation was detected 19 times but in males 17.

Effectiveness of treatment of cows for disordered metabolism

2025-03-03T18:22:13+00:00

Dairy cows are often diagnosed with metabolic disorders during the transit period, which, in turn, are the cause of secondary diseases. Violation of animal metabolism indicates complications of adaptation to conditions of keeping and feeding and whole imbalance of homeostasis of the organism. Ketosis, osteodystrophy, acidosis, alkalosis, rennet displacement, which occur mainly in the form of polymorbid pathology are the most common diseases of cows in the transit period. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of Vitazal and Cyanophor drugs, including a number of general and special research methods: analysis of cow feeding, conditions of keeping, determination of the causes of the disease, as well as clinical and laboratory parameters. In order to restore the disturbed metabolism of cows before and after calving against the background of correction of rations in terms of nutrients and exchangeable energy, it was expedient to use complex veterinary drugs, the active substances of which are butaphosphan and cyanocobalamin. Vitazal and Cyanofor are Ukrainian drugs that have a positive effect on metabolism and stimulate the immune status of cows and contain such active substances which are recommended for use in complex therapy. According to the results of the study, the use of these drugs on the background of diet correction and the use of the DairySafe feed supplement (Germany, JOSERA) as well as the Forvit, which contains a solution of vitamins A, D, E and F improved clinical indicators, increased the general tone of the body, normalized morphological and biochemical indicators of blood, especially the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, total protein, phosphorus-calcium ratio, alkaline reserve, transaminase activity, reduced the content of ketone bodies. It was found that the use of the studied drugs reduced the manifestations of intoxication and restored the physiological state of cows. The introduction of Vitazal and Cyanophor drugs into clinical veterinary practice will expand the list of drugs of this group, which will enable veterinarians to use them as part of complex therapy and prevention of metabolic disorders in cows.

Survey of cellular mechanisms of nonspecific immunity in newborn calves with hypotrophy

2025-03-03T18:22:14+00:00

The own immune defense in newborn calves is represented mainly by phagocytosis and lymphocytic reactions. The aim of the study was to investigate the cellular mechanisms of nonspecific immunity in hypotrophic calves. The material of the study was blood cells of newborn calves with hypotrophy (experimental). The results were compared with those of physiologically developed calves (control). The study was conducted using unified hematological, immunological and cytochemical methods. Hypotrophy was diagnosed by clinical and morphological signs. The content of WBCs, phagocytic reaction of neutrophils, myeloperoxidase, neutrophil cationic proteins and their general bactericidality (NBT) were determined. The results obtained in calves with hypotrophy were compared with similar data in healthy calves. Hypotrophics had more (p<0.05) banded neutrophils (%) on day 1 – by 27.7; day 3 – by 31.2, day 6 – by 22.0 and day 9 – by 25.6, as well as segmented neutrophils, on day 1 – by 26.1 and on day 6 – by 69.6. The number of phagocytic neutrophils in hypotrophics was lower (p<0.05), on day 1 – by 55.7; day 3 – by 58.2; day 6 – by 66.2; day 9 – by 67.5 and day 12 – by 40.3%. The maximum decrease in myeloperoxidase activity in hypotrophs was found on day 3 - by 40 % (p<0.05). The content of cationic proteins in both groups of calves was lower than the norms, and in hypotrophics it was lower (p<0.05) than in the control, respectively, on day 6 - by 33.3; on day 9 - by 57.1 and on day 12 - by 40 %. The values of the unstimulated NВT were significantly lower (p<0.05) on day 6 – by 35.9 and on day 9 – by 24.3 %. The minimal decrease was found on day 6 – 7.3±0.5 units, and on day 12 the index exceeded the relevant value in control animals by 30.9% (p<0.05). Indicators of the stimulated NВT in hypotrophs were lower (p<0.05) on day 3 – by 34.7; on day 6 – by 48.1; on day 9 – by 49.8 and on day 12 – by 36 %.

Thus, the nonspecific resistance of hypotrophic calves is characterised by a decrease in the basic enzymatic activity of neutrophils and their stimulation reserves.

Diagnosis of cholangiohepatitis in domestic cats

2025-03-03T18:22:14+00:00

Feline cholangiohepatitis is common in clinical practice worldwide. Diagnosis and treatment of cats with this disease is difficult due to the ambiguity of clinical signs, the results of diagnostic studies, and the commonality of concomitant diseases. The aim of the work was to conduct a clinical and laboratory study of cats for cholangiohepatitis and to establish changes in hematological and biochemical indicators characteristic of this disease. 10 cats suffering from cholangiohepatitis, aged from 4 to 7 years, without pedigrees, were studied. Clinically healthy cats (n=10) were used as a control group. Ultrasound examination of the liver was performed using a Mindray DP-50Vet device with a microconvex sensor. In the blood, the number of erythrocytes and leukocytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit were determined using a Mindray BS-20Vet 3-DIFF hematological analyzer, blood biochemical analysis using a Mindray BS-30Vet biochemical analyzer. An increase in the size of the liver, a diffuse increase in the echogenicity of the liver parenchyma, heterogeneity of the structure of the organ, thickening and compaction of the bile ducts were found. Changes in erythrocytopoiesis in cats with cholangiohepatitis are manifested by the development of anemic syndrome, leukocytopoiesis by neutrophilic leukocytosis with a simple shift of the neutrophil nucleus to the left and relative lymphocytopenia. A decrease in the content of albumin in the blood of cats with cholangiohepatitis indicates a decrease in its synthesis in the liver, and is a manifestation of the hepatodepressive syndrome. An increase in ALT and AST in the blood of sick cats indicates the development of cytolytic syndrome, activity of GHTP and alkaline phosphatase – cholestatic syndrome. The increase in blood cholesterol can be explained by the development of cholestasis in animals.

Effectiveness of dry hypoallergenic grain-free nature's protection superior care feed for celiac disease in dogs

2025-03-03T18:22:14+00:00

Celiac disease (gluten enteropathy) in dogs is a genetically determined immune-mediated disease resulting from intolerance to gluten – the protein part of cereal crops (wheat, barley and rye) that remains in flour after the starch has been removed. This mixture of proteins differs in solubility and ability to be extracted. Generally, wheat gluten in dog food is well digested but has low nutritional value due to its low lysine content, it is a suitable but not necessary ingredient in dog food. The Irish setter, terriers, schnauzers and cocker spaniels are main breeds of dogs that are considered to be more prone to celiac disease, the characteristic syndrome of which is malabsorption. Dogs of any age could suffer from this disease.

In order to diagnose diseases with clinical signs of malabsorption syndrome, a comprehensive examination of the animal is recommended, including blood analysis, intestinal biopsy and other special studies. Treatment of animals with celiac disease should include the introduction of antimicrobial, enzyme, probiotic and, if necessary, glucocorticosteroid agents against the background of lifelong use of an agglutenous diet. Preventive measures for the progression of celiac disease with malabsorption syndrome and the development of severe irreversible complications, including T-cell lymphoma and other types of malignant neoplasms, are the timely detection of the disease and the appointment of an aglutenic diet. Nature's Protection Superior Care (Lithuania) is one of the super premium hypoallergenic gluten-free foods with easily digestible protein and Omega-3 fatty acids from the highest quality raw materials, developed for dogs with a sensitive digestive system.

Impact of porcine fatty liver on the quality indicators of slaughter products

2025-03-03T18:22:14+00:00

The article examines the impact of porcine fatty liver (hepatic lipidosis) on the quality indicators of slaughter products. Fatty liver disease is one of the most common liver pathologies in pigs, leading to impaired liver function and potentially affecting the quality of meat and other products derived from animals with this condition. This disease develops due to lipid metabolism disorders in the liver, resulting in fat accumulation in the organ, and in some cases, its dystrophy. The effect of fatty liver disease on the organoleptic and biochemical properties of pork is multifaceted and complex. This article studies changes in the color, texture, and taste characteristics of pork from pigs with fatty liver, as well as the chemical composition indicators, specifically the content of proteins, fats, and moisture. Fat accumulation in the liver reduces the body's ability to absorb certain nutrients, which may impact the nutritional value of the meat. The purpose of the study is to analyze changes in the physicochemical characteristics of the meat, such as fat, protein, and moisture content, as well as its organoleptic properties (taste, smell, texture). The study found that the presence of fatty liver disease in pigs leads to a decrease in the overall quality of meat due to metabolic disruptions, changes in its composition, and effects on organoleptic characteristics. To minimize the adverse effects of fatty liver on meat quality, preventive measures for this disease should be implemented during feeding and veterinary monitoring, alongside improvements in meat processing and storage technologies. The research confirms the need for a comprehensive approach to assessing pig health and refining meat quality control methods at all stages of the production process. It is recommended to consider the presence of fatty liver disease when evaluating pork quality and developing standards to ensure food safety.

Therapeutic effectiveness of different schemes for the associated form of mycosis in dogs

2025-03-03T18:22:15+00:00

Fungal infections are quite common among dogs, and the development of a generalized form of the disease causes severe secondary infections. Today in Ukraine, most dogs are companions that are constantly with the owner, therefore, in some cases, from sick animals with malassezia and alternariosis, the disease spreads to the owners, causing the development of allergic conditions of the skin and respiratory system. The aim of the work was to develop an effective treatment scheme for canine mycosis in an associated form. For this, two therapy schemes have been developed, which involve the complex use of etiotropic, symptomatic and pathogenetic drugs. The object of the study were 38 dogs with a confirmed diagnosis of Alternaria and Malassezia in a disseminated form. Animals with clinical signs of dermatitis that came to the clinic were examined by cytological and cultural methods to identify the causative agent of the disease and establish a final diagnosis. Later, two groups of animals were formed according to the principle of analogues, and each had its own therapy scheme. The second scheme was more successful: 1) using etiotropic agents in the form of Vetbio Dr.Pets shampoo with chlorhexidine and ketoconazole every three days, SkinGuard spray twice a day; 2) Apoquel to relieve symptoms of itching during the first week of therapy; 3) anti-inflammatory bioregulatory drug Traumel; 4) balanced dietary nutrition with Specific CDD-HY feed; 5) elimination of mechanical irritants by avoiding walking on dusty places and grass and maintaining hygiene by thoroughly washing and drying paws after going outside. Successful therapy was considered the disappearance of clinical signs of dermatitis and negative repeated cultural and cytological examination. Itching in the animals did not return after stopping the use of Apoquel, and complete recovery occurred after 3 weeks.